复发性肝癌再次手术方式的选择:一项基于倾向评分匹配的研究

目的本研究基于倾向评分匹配(PSM)比较挽救性肝移植(sLT)及再次肝切除(RR)的疗效,同时探讨影响复发性肝癌患者预后的危险因素。方法回顾分析2012年1月至2018年8月宁波大学附属李惠利医院124例肝癌切除术后肝内复发再手术的患者,按照再次所行手术方式的不同,分成sLT组(46例)和RR组(78例),通过1∶1倾向评分匹配(PSM),筛选出34例患者用于数据分析,比较匹配前后两组的临床基本资料、总生存期(OS)及无瘤生存期(DFS)来探讨两种手术方式的优劣以及影响患者预后的因素。结果匹配前sLT组的术前血清总胆红素、多发肿瘤的比例、术前行经导管动脉化疗栓塞术(TACE)的比例及符合米兰标准的比例均要高于RR组(P<0.05),最大肿瘤直径sLT组要小于RR组(P<0.05);手术时间、术中出血量、微血管侵犯(MVI)阳性率及术后ClavienⅢ级以上的并发症的比例均要高于RR组(P<0.05)。匹配后sLT组的手术时间、术中出血量、术后并发症ClavienⅢ以上的比例均高于RR组(P<0.05);sLT组的1、3、5年OS与RR组相比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),sLT组的1、3、5年DFS与RR组相比较优(P<0.05);甲胎蛋白(AFP)≥100μg/L是OS的独立危险因素,手术方式、AFP≥100μg/L是DFS的独立危险因素。结论sLT组术前病情更重,手术时间、术中出血量及术后严重并发症率高于RR组;sLT组较RR组可取得更长的DFS,但对OS来说,两组之间差异无统计学意义。     

Inhibition of autophagy enhances apoptosis induced by bortezomib in AML cells

Bortezomib is a novel proteasome inhibitor, which has been successfully used to treat mantle cell lymphoma and multiple myeloma. However, the direct effects of bortezomib on acute promyelocytic leukaemia (APL) have not been fully investigated. In the present study, the WST-8 assay, western blotting, flow cytometry, monodansylcadaverine staining and transmission electron microscopy were performed. It was demonstrated that bortezomib treatment induced a time- and dose-dependent decrease in the viability of NB4 cells. Bortezomib treatment induced cell apoptosis in NB4 cells, as assessed by Annexin V/propidium iodide analysis, and the detection of cleaved caspase-3, cleaved poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase, Bax and Bcl-2 expression. Furthermore, bortezomib treatment induced autophagy in NB4 cells, as indicated by autophagosome formation, p62 degradation, LC3-I to LC3-II conversion and formation of acidic autophagic vacuoles. Notably, autophagy induced by bortezomib was initiated prior to apoptosis. Inhibition of autophagy by knocking down Beclin-1 expression increased bortezomib-induced apoptosis in NB4 cells. Therefore, the present study revealed that the combination of bortezomib and autophagy inhibition may be a potential treatment strategy for APL.     

“三全育人”视角下思政教育机制实践与探索——“杏林成长导师”计划的构建

“三全育人”是高校思政教育工作的关键一环，也是中医药高校推动思政教育的重要内容。以“三全育人”为视角对北京中医药大学思想政治教育举措“杏林成长导师”计划路径、内容深入分析，运用统计分析和文献研究方法，剖析该计划对中医学专业大学生的学业、思想和实践等多个层面的现实成效，从而为“三全育人”理念在中医药院校制度建构中的应用提供新的视角与方法。     

不同年龄段勃起功能障碍患者的心理状况与人格特征分析

目的探讨不同年龄段勃起功能障碍(ED)患者心理状况的差异。方法回顾性分析郑州大学第三附属医院2018年7月至2019年7月收治的401例ED患者的临床资料。年龄20~60岁。将所有患者按年龄段分为4组:A组158例,年龄20~29岁;B组182例,年龄30~39岁;C组38例,年龄40~49岁;D组23例,年龄50~60岁。基于国际勃起功能评分表(IIEF-5)评估患者的勃起功能情况。采用症状自评量表(SCL-90)评估患者的敌对、焦虑、精神病性、恐怖、偏执、强迫、躯体化、人际关系、抑郁等9项心理状况。采用状态-特质焦虑量表(STAI)区分患者是否存在状态性或特质性的焦虑情绪。采用艾森克人格问卷(EPQ)分析患者的人格类型。分析患者组与文献报道的全国常模组SCL-90、STAI和EPQ量表的差异。分析不同年龄组患者各项指标的差异。结果患者组SCL-90量表的敌对(1.64±0.67,t=4.81,P<0.001)、焦虑(1.58±0.66,t=6.83,P<0.001)、精神病性(1.62±0.68,t=11.87,P<0.001)、偏执(1.55±0.66,t=3.58,P<0.001)、强迫(1.95±0.70,t=9.56,P<0.001)、躯体化(1.43±0.58,t=2.10,P=0.036)、人际关系/敏感(1.74±0.74,t=2.79,P=0.005)、抑郁(1.66±0.74,t=4.50,P<0.001)等因子分,以及总分(1.53±0.63,t=3.07,P=0.002)均显著高于全国常模组。A、B、C、D组的人际关系/敏感得分差异有统计学意义(1.72±0.78、1.65±0.69、1.58±0.92、1.43±0.59,F=2.84,P=0.038)。患者组STAI量表的状态焦虑(t=7.35,P<0.001)、特质焦虑(t=6.31,P<0.001)等因子分和总分(t=8.41,P<0.001)均显著高于全国常模组,不同年龄组的状态焦虑(F=5.29,P=0.001)、特质焦虑(F=5.54,P<0.001)因子分和总分(F=5.66,P<0.001)差异有统计学意义。患者组的精神质(t=30.56,P<0.001)、情绪(t=45.94,P<0.001)、外倾-内倾(t=11.72,P<0.001)、掩饰性(t=29.16,P<0.001)等因子分和总分(t=30.56,P<0.001)均显著高于全国常模组。401例的人格类型分别为抑郁质183例(45.64%),胆汁质94例(23.44%),黏液质66例(16.46%),多血质58例(14.46%)。不同年龄组的抑郁质、胆汁质、黏液质、多血质人格类型分布分别为A组76、35、26、21例,B组87、40、32、23例,C组14、10、6、8例,D组6、9、2、6例,组间比较差异无统计学意义(χ^2=10.65,P=0.30)。结论ED患者存在一系列异常的情绪、躯体化的不适感,敏感的人际关系以及内向、情绪不稳定的人格特征;年龄越小的患者其焦虑情绪越严重,人际关系越敏感,可能与其内向的个性特征及情绪的不稳定性相关。     

Impaired Sensorimotor Gating Using the Acoustic Prepulse Inhibition Paradigm in Individuals at a Clinical High Risk for Psychosis

Many robust studies have investigated prepulse inhibition (PPI) in patients with schizophrenia. Recent evidence indicates that PPI may help identify individuals who are at clinical high risk for psychosis (CHR). Selective attention to prepulse stimulus can specifically enhance PPI in healthy subjects; however, this enhancement effect is not observed in patients with schizophrenia. Modified PPI measurement with selective attentional modulation using perceived spatial separation (PSS) condition may be a more robust and sensitive index of PPI impairment in CHR individuals. The current study investigated an improved PSSPPI condition in CHR individuals compared with patients with first-episode schizophrenia (FES) and healthy controls (HC) and evaluated the accuracy of PPI in predicting CHR from HC. We included 53 FESs, 55 CHR individuals, and 53 HCs. CHRs were rated on the Structured Interview for Prodromal Syndromes. The measures of perceived spatial co-location PPI (PSCPPI) and PSSPPI conditions were applied using 60- and 120-ms lead intervals. Compared with HC, the CHR group had lower PSSPPI level (Inter-stimulus interval [ISI] = 60 ms, P < .001; ISI = 120 ms, P < .001). PSSPPI showed an effect size (ES) between CHR and HC (ISI = 60 ms, Cohen’s d = 0.91; ISI = 120 ms, Cohen’s d = 0.98); on PSSPPI using 60-ms lead interval, ES grade increased from CHR to FES. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for PSSPPI was greater than that for PSCPPI. CHR individuals showed a PSSPPI deficit similar to FES, with greater ES and sensitivity. PSSPPI appears a promising objective approach for preliminary identification of CHR individuals.     

Drug Resistance to HIV-1 Integrase Inhibitors among Treatment-naive Patients in Jiangsu,China

Integrase strand transfer inhibitors (InSTIs) have been widely used in recent years because of their high genetic barrier to resistance. The World Health Organization (WHO) has recommended dolutegravir (DTG)-containing regimens as the preferred first- and second-line antiretroviral therapy (ART) regimens for people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)[1]. During the long-term treatment process, the appearance of drug resistance mutations to InSTIs is inevitable. A meta-analysis has shown that the resistance rate among InSTI treatment-experienced patients is 3.9％ (Raltegravir, RAL), 1.2％ (Elvitegravir, EVG), and 0.1％ (DTG)[2]. However, resistance to InSTIs has not been reported in treatment-naive populations.     

刍议清络法论治特发性肺纤维化急性发作＊

本文通过对特发性肺纤维化急性发作病因病机的分析，认为其病因为外邪或内伤引动肺络虚火，从阳化热，病机为“肺热”、“络瘀”；并结合其病因病机，探究归纳《温病条辨》中清络法和中药复方清络饮在论治特发性肺纤维化急性发作时的理论基础，为临床中论治特发性肺纤维化急性发作，改善患者症状提供新方法，为肺络病证治体系构建及应用提供新思路。     

基于内容分析法的中医类APP现状分析

随着手机APP对人们日常工作和生活方式的改变，中医类APP日益得到关注。文章基于内容分析法对目前中医类APP现状进行梳理，分析存在的问题，对未来中医类APP的设计和开发提出建议。以每一个APP为分析单元，从一般情况、主要功能、用户评价等3个方面进行分析，建立了7个维度22个细目的编码体系，进行频数统计和分析。发现目前中医类APP功能丰富，用户广泛，成为中医药服务及中医科学传播的重要载体，具有良好的用户粘度及巨大市场需求，但存在质量良莠不齐、内容资源不佳等问题。提出中医类APP开发应符合中医药发展战略的方向，应进一步规范中医类APP隐私政策和相关法律法规；并探索中医类APP的评价标准和评价指标体系，促进和规范中医类APP的质量提升和不断发展。     

Effects of probiotics on gastrointestinal complications and nutritional status of postoperative patients with esophageal cancer: A protocol of randomized controlled trial

Background:Gastrointestinal complications and malnutrition are common problems that affect postoperative rehabilitation and survival of patients with esophageal cancer. Evidence has shown that probiotics have a positive effect on improving gastrointestinal complications and nutritional status of patients with esophageal cancer after surgery, but there is a lack of prospective studies on this topic. We designed this prospective randomized controlled trial to evaluate the effects of probiotics on gastrointestinal complications and nutritional status in patients with postoperative esophageal cancer.Methods:This is a prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. It was approved by the Clinical Research Ethics Committee of our hospital. 192 patients will be randomly divided into probiotics group and the placebo group in a 1:1 ratio. After operation, probiotics and placebo will be given orally for 8 weeks. The indexes of nutritional status and incidence of digestive tract complications will be recorded and the data will be analyzed by SPSS 18.0 software.Discussion:This study will evaluate the effect of probiotics on gastrointestinal complications and nutritional status of postoperative patients with esophageal cancer. The results of this study will provide clinical basis for the use of probiotics in postoperative treatment of esophageal cancer.Trial registration:OSF Registration number: D DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/QHW86